Home decoration wiring material selection points
2021-05-09
To build an intelligent home environment, there are five types of wire used in integrated wiring: network cables, audio cables, video cables, telephone cables, and signal control cables. The following explains the range of application of various materials, material selection methods, and points for attention when wiring.
Selection of network cables: There are currently five commonly used network cables (CAT 5), Cat. 5 (CAT 5E), and Cat. 6 (CAT 6). There are also seven new types of lines that are used in terabit networks. There are 7-10 years, do not discuss.
The wire of this specification is composed of eight copper wires and four pairs of twisted wires (so called twisted wires are two copper wires twisted together counterclockwise, which play a decisive role in signal anti-jamming and transmission stability. ), divided into four pairs of orange, green, blue, and brown, each pair is twisted by a solid color line and a line of the color inlaid white strip. Regardless of wire diameter and copper quality factors, the main difference between different types of wire is twisted wire. Category 5 wire is loosely twisted, super five is much tighter, and wire type 6 is twisted very tightly. Closely, and at the same time, for the better transmission quality of the Cat 6 cable, a nylon cross frame is also provided. This frame is twisted counterclockwise and each set of lines is placed in the corresponding slot.
The above five categories, we can clearly see the degree of twisting of different types of wire, of which the following is a shielded layer, will be mentioned later. How to choose the home wiring cable? Currently, there is basically no difference between the five-category and the super-five, so the five-category line does not need to be considered. The Super Category 5 cable is mainly used in the current 10M/100M bandwidth LAN. It can stably support 100M bandwidth network data exchange. If the wire quality is good and the wiring technology is in place, then the 1000M bandwidth network can also be applied. The Category 6 line is the only choice for the 1000M bandwidth network. It can be said that the Category 6 line is for the Gigabit network. The difference between Fast Ethernet and Gigabit network is mainly reflected in the speed of data exchange. In general, 100 Megabytes of network transmission data can reach 10 MB/s, while Gigabit network transmission rate can reach 100 MB/s. Gigabit network is the direction of future development. Give an example to illustrate the difference between the two: We directly copy a 4G file to the hard disk on the hard disk, the copy rate is about 10-12MB/s, it takes 370s, with a 100M network copy rate of about 8-9MB/s, time-consuming 512s, while the 1000M network copy rate is about 80-90MB/s, which takes 55s. If the audio and video center storage system is built in the home, then the network transmission has no problem with the general video, but the starting point of the transmission rate of the high-definition movie and television is 9.8MB/s. One hundred trillion network will not be able to play the important role.
Therefore, in terms of wire and cable specification selection, if there is no high requirement for the speed and the network is not required to transmit high-definition signals, then super five-category network wires will do. However, if the transmission rate requirements are high, or the network is ready to transmit high-definition signals, or Want to fully consider the future expansion, then as the network cable between computers can choose six types of lines, but for the general network equipment, remote control equipment, the network cable between the external broadband interface, the ultra-five network cable It is completely competent and there is no need to choose the Category 6 line. After all, the Category 6 line is much more expensive than the Super V Line.
In addition, there are two kinds of network cables of different specifications, shielded and unshielded, and shielded network cables have a layer of metal braided shielded nets. Of course, the price is also a lot higher, and they are generally used in places where electromagnetic interference is relatively strong (such as strong electric fields, Magnetic field, high-power motor concentration, etc.) These conditions are rare in the average home. Qualified ultra-quinaline cables have good anti-jamming capability, so you don't have to blindly pursue shielded cables. However, if there are network cables passing through the central air-conditioning unit, microwave ovens, and electromagnetic ovens, and the on-site situation cannot maintain a safety distance of more than 500 mm, then these lines should be considered shielded cables.
The network lines currently available on the market are mixed, with prices ranging from a little over 1 yuan to 5-6 yuan per meter. There is no free lunch in the world, and those with very low prices are bound to be the best for cutting corners. For example, copper is used as core copper (requires high-purity oxygen-free copper), wire diameter shrinks, and insulation layer. Low-quality sticky, twisted-pair twisted density is low, if you choose such a wire, it will lay a great hidden danger for the normal work of the network in the future, and sometimes even completely unable to work.
Generally, we can judge through look, touch, and twist to see if the surface color printing is clear, the core color labeling is correct (some network lines do not even have two color lines), and the insulation layer is bright and bright. Whether the density is tight, whether the copper core is bright, and whether the screened shield mesh is dense; touch: The insulation layer cannot be sticky, astringent, the cable must have certain elasticity and hardness; Twist: repeatedly bend the core wire, can not be broken. There is also an important one: the price is too low is definitely a problem!
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